But as regards the concept of 'nannying' (call it what you like), the two sides of the argument are that universal benfits are designed to ensure that no one falls through the net, which means testing doesn't guarantee, in which sense it is 100% efficient at reaching those in need; the flip side is that those who don't need help still get it regardless of income.
The schools curriculum teaches various skills, but in the real world they won't be enough to ensure that everyone can cope in all situations. In practical terms, what do you do? How do you choose who needs to be 'educated' and who doesn't? If they aren't coping financially, do you just send them to classes to teach them how? The elderly? People with minimal education already?
In the long run (according to Beveridge) universal benefits cost less and were more efficient.
In any system it has to be recognised that there will be individuals who will manipulate it, abuse it, try to get as much as possible for nothing. That isn't the same as dependency - it's criminality which goes through the whole of society from top to bottom. It would be more cost efficient to start tackling it at the top.
The schools curriculum teaches various skills, but in the real world they won't be enough to ensure that everyone can cope in all situations. In practical terms, what do you do? How do you choose who needs to be 'educated' and who doesn't? If they aren't coping financially, do you just send them to classes to teach them how? The elderly? People with minimal education already?
In the long run (according to Beveridge) universal benefits cost less and were more efficient.
In any system it has to be recognised that there will be individuals who will manipulate it, abuse it, try to get as much as possible for nothing. That isn't the same as dependency - it's criminality which goes through the whole of society from top to bottom. It would be more cost efficient to start tackling it at the top.
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